Chosen Solution
Replaced the battery and screen. Phone seems to work in all respects but will not ring and texts don’t ping. All volume settings for these things are on and set. The sound works for everything else.
Check and see if the ringer switch above the volume keys got flipped. If it’s in the orange position, that’s silent mode. It’s an easy thing to do without realizing it and it will still show volume at max when you turn volume up all the way, even if it doesn’t actually ring or alert notifications.